Specific/Acquired Immunity
Specific immunity is acquired. It is not inherited at birth but acquired overtime due to the exposure to pathogens. Acquired immunity can be categorised as natural or articificial. Natural immunity is acquired by everyday encounters and exposures to disease causing agents and pathogens naturally/unintentionally. Artificial immunity is artificially derived by vaccination where the disease causing agent or pathogen is deliberately exposed to the body, however in a harmless/attentuated form.
Active immunity
Active immunity is the organism’s own immune system responding to a pathogen or antigen matter exposed to the body naturally or artificially. Antibodies are produced by the body itself. Natural active immunity occurs when the pathogen is exposed to the body unintentionally and naturally usually resulting in sickness. Memory of the pathogen is formed. Artificial active immunity occurs when the pathogen is artificially exposed to the body via vaccination. Memory is formed and often, no sickness or symptoms are experienced.
Passive immunity
Passive immunity involves the transfer of antibodies made outside of the body (typically in another individual or animal) to the individual that requires it. No memory is formed.
Natural passive immunity involves receiving antibodies naturally e.g. across the mother’s placenta to the child. Artificial passive immunity involves receiving the antibodies artificially via an injection
Specific immunity is acquired. It is not inherited at birth but acquired overtime due to the exposure to pathogens. Acquired immunity can be categorised as natural or articificial. Natural immunity is acquired by everyday encounters and exposures to disease causing agents and pathogens naturally/unintentionally. Artificial immunity is artificially derived by vaccination where the disease causing agent or pathogen is deliberately exposed to the body, however in a harmless/attentuated form.
Active immunity
Active immunity is the organism’s own immune system responding to a pathogen or antigen matter exposed to the body naturally or artificially. Antibodies are produced by the body itself. Natural active immunity occurs when the pathogen is exposed to the body unintentionally and naturally usually resulting in sickness. Memory of the pathogen is formed. Artificial active immunity occurs when the pathogen is artificially exposed to the body via vaccination. Memory is formed and often, no sickness or symptoms are experienced.
Passive immunity
Passive immunity involves the transfer of antibodies made outside of the body (typically in another individual or animal) to the individual that requires it. No memory is formed.
Natural passive immunity involves receiving antibodies naturally e.g. across the mother’s placenta to the child. Artificial passive immunity involves receiving the antibodies artificially via an injection